Burn injuries, which have reached epidemic proportions in recent years, are considered a health care problem which is more serious than the polio epidemic was at its peak...

Burn injuries are one of the most severe and painful types of injuries to live with. Burn victims not only require long-term medical treatment, but it also brings emotional scarring, and a substantial change in their life and the life of their family. Several factors are used to determine the severity of a burn injury, including the patient's age, size and depth of burn, and the location of the burn... There are three major types of burn related scars: Keloid, Hypertrophic and Contractures... There are two major types of Surgical Procedures that can help to conceal scarring and replace lost tissue for severe burn victims... For many severely burned patients skin grafts using their own healthy skin is not possible because they have very little healthy skin or they are not strong enough for surgery. Pressure garments prevent and control the formation of hypertrophic scars by applying counter pressure to the wounded area... Estimating the nutritional needs of burn patients is essential to the healing process... Thermal, Electrical and chemical burns require different treatments and medications... Rehabilitation is essential to the healing process for burn victims...

The first 48 hours after a burn injury has occurred are the most critical. The challenge for healthcare professionals is to get patients through the first stages of recovery by preventing fluid loss, and preventing and or controlling infection. Infections are a serious threat to burn patients. In the first 48 hours patients will lose fluids from the vessels, sodium chloride and protein which flow into the injured area causing blisters, swelling, low urine output and low blood pressure. Doctors combat these effects by providing patients with fluids, electrolytes, antibiotics, pain medication, tetanus vaccination and often inserting a catheter. Once the patient has been stabilized doctors and nurses begin cleaning the wounds to prepare them to be covered.

Burn patients will continue to lose fluids until their wounds have been covered. Wounds may be covered using ointment and a dressing. However, for more severe wounds a skin graft may be needed. Skin grafts present complications and patients may not be strong enough for surgery and for the most severely burned patients they may not have enough healthy skin to donate.

When a patient does not have enough healthy skin to donate, temporary coverings of cadaver skin may be used. However, as with all donor organs cadaver skin is in short supply. Additionally, the skin must be thoroughly examined to ensure that it is free of infectious agents such as HIV and hepatitis. Pigskin can be used as an alternative to cadaver skin.

In recent years burn treatment research has brought relief to burn patients in many different forms. Perhaps the most beneficial is artificial skin. In some cases, artificial skin will be used. Artificial skin is a relatively new area for burn treatment and the results so far have been good. Doctors may use Integra Artificial Skin Dermal Regeneration Templates or Original BioBrain to cover wounds. These products are proving to be life saving for many burn victims.

Cultured skin is a result of years of research. For the past ten years, healthcare professionals have had the ability to grow a patient's skin in a laboratory under special tissue culture conditions. Using a postage stamp-sized piece of the patients skin lab technicians can grow enough skin in about 3 weeks to cover nearly the entire body.